Carbureter



J. PIAT.

CARBURETER.

APPLlcATIoN mw APR. 1s; 191s.

1,371,931, Patented Mar. 15,1921.

2 SHEETS-sneer 1; Z7

J. PIMn CARBURETER.

APPLICATION man 93.18. ma.

1,371,931. Patented Mar. 15,1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET '2.

Wil-lwsewes i life/@14AM UNlTED STATES JOANNES FEAT, 0F LYON, FRANCE.

CABBURETER.

T 0 all whom t may concer-n:

Be it known that l, JoANNns FIAT, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at Lyon, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specihcation.

rlhis invention relates to carbureters more especially of the type described in my application for United States patent, Serial No. 104412 led 19th J une, 1916.

ln the said carbureter the slow-running device comprises a sliding plug or valve which is adapted to descend upon and envelop the jet and has a cavity into which the jet projects when the valve is in its lower positions with a reduced passage from said cavity for supplying the fuel mixture to the engine manifold. `When the valve has been raised sufficiently to be clear of the jet the latter discharges into a mixing chamber to which the air has` access through or 'etween two pivoted gravity controlled flaps.

One of the objects of the present invention is to modify the means of control of the air admission to the mixing chamber ymore particularly in order to render its action more sensitive and to obviate the effect of lag in the action of the flap valve at the commencement of their entering into function, more especially when the carbureter is operating in a comparatively rareed atmosphere as for example on an aeroplane at a high altitude.

For this purpose l provide in place of such pair of flap valves, a single laterally placed flap valve which tends to close under the action of gravity and to open under suction of the motor, this flap valve Ahaving or not' as may be desired, means for adjusting vthe position of its center of gravity.

I further provide means for counteracting the influence of this flap Valve when the motor is yrecpiired to furnish full powerv at an altitude where the density of the atmosphere is insufficient to maintain the flap valve fully open against the effect of gravity thereon, such means being so connected that it is operated by the movement of the throttle or of the valve which governs the passage of fuel mixture to the engine.

TheV invention further `comprises details of improvement hereinafter described' and moreparticularly pointed out in the claims.

In the annexed drawings Figure 1 is anl elevation of the improved specification of Letters raient. Patented Mar. 15,1921.

Application filed April 16, 1919.

Serial No. 290,532.

car-bureter as seen from the front side on which the hinged flap valveis placed,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1 with the flap valve, air entrance hood and flap valvecontrollmg devices removed.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line 3-3 of Figs. 5 and 6 are elevation and planire-V spectively of a modified form of flap valve with means for adjusting the lposition of its.

Y center of gravity.

Fig. 7 is an elevational view of the back plate of the cavity forming the mixing chamber and guide for the jet enveloping valve.

Fig. 8 is a view ofthe jet enveloping valve as seen from below.

Fig. 9 is a side view on a larger scale of the regulating plug in the jet enveloping valve. f

Fig. 10 is an end view of from the left hand of Fig. 9. j.,

Fig. 11 is a section thereof on `line 11,-11 vof Fig. 9.

Fig. 12 is a section on line 12-12 of Fig. 9. Fig.'13 is a right hand end view. of. said plug. i

Fig. 1a is a side view, partly in section, of' a modification of means for varying the et'A counter-weighting of the fia-p valveV` which permits of slowing the movement ofthev flap valve opening while diminishing its resistance to theL entry of air when thejflap valve is fully open.

rlhe same-letters of reference denote the same parts'throughout the figure. f

c represents the float chamber, the nature of which forms no part of the present invention, whence the gasolene or other liquid fuel passes to the jet Z) which discharges in the mixture chamber 7o?. The jet b is preferably'of a type permitting ofv regulation of its orifice such as described for example in my application for patent Serial No. 203433 filed 22nd November, 1917.

The mixture chamber b1 'is' prolonged upveloping valve c. This valve, substantially `wardly at c3 to form a guide for the jet en- I y f pivoted at of the nature described in my prior application for patent Serial No. 104412 aforesaid contains a cavity d in which is a rotarily adjustable hollow plug e. The bach plate c4 of the mixture chamber has an opening A1 (see Fig. 7) tapering below and alfording passage to the engine manifold to which the carbureter is attachable by liange B of the projecting socket A; ln the lowest position of the valve c this valve closes the passage lil and the jet ZJ projects fully into the cavity in the hollow plug e. At a slight rise of valve c the opening d3 connects the interior of the plug e` with the passage A1 and slow running mixture is supplied to the engine. Ata point in the further risc of the valve c the jet will no longer enter the valve but will discharge intothe mixture chamber b1 below the valve and the carbureter then operates in the normalmanner, the valve c acting as a throttle valve to the passage A1. The valve c is manually operated through a lever f2 and against a counter spring fl, the end of the lever having an eye ft engaging the pin f3 passed through the lugs projecting upwardly from the valve c, all

substantially as set forth in my said application for patent aforesaid.

The bach portion of the guide c3 is preferably in the form of a segment of a cylinder and the plate ct-is fitted thereinto and se cured by screws c5 at Lthe bach and lower end. Closely behind the front plate c? of the guide o3 the latter is extended laterally to form two grooves c6 c6 (Fig.` 2) in which slides vertically a plate g3 for a purpose hereinafter described. The its adjusted position by set screws 08 08 inserted in `tapped holes in of the guide 03. Y

The plate g3 forms an upward extension of a face plate or hood g which projects forwardly as at g? from the mixture chamber and thence obliquely downwardly and rearwardly as at g? and ends in a projecting rib g1 which engages in a recess in the base of the mixture chamber (Figs. l and 3). To permit of the insertion and removal of the the front plate 0T hood the Grooves c6 are widened or ared toward their lower ends as shown in Fig. 3 to permit of the hood being tilted outwardly after the set screws cs havebeen loosened to disengage the projecting rib g1 before drawing the hood downwardly to disengage the plate g3 from the grooves.

The front of the hood has an opening g2 shaped to conform with that of the flap valve h which is pivoted on a transverse shaft g4 passing through holes g5 in the forwardly extended part g of the hood.

The flap valve t is so weighted that in its normal position of rest it lies in the position shown in Figs. vl and 4., closing almost completely the openingg? with the exception of a small space at the lower end thereof, and

the guide c3.

plate g3 is held in this is the position a) which a will be 1eturned by gravity whensuction no longer operates to deflect it. So long as the valve c is sufficiently low to cover the jet Z) air enters Y movement of the flap valve it, but in proper-- tion as the valve c is raised, the flap Avalve ft may open more widely but the valve c still forms a stop thereto until the said valve has risen to the position shown by the dotted line c1 in F ig. 3 in which position the flap can fully open, the opening A1 being also ther fully uncovered by the valve c.

ln this position of the valve c it may be found that the flap valve 7L oders too much resistance to the entrance of air, for example owing to the rarity of the air at a great height vbeing insulicient to open the iiap valve, or to hold it open, to the extent de* sired. To overcome this defect, the following means are employed..` 7c is a lever pivoted at cl to a lug on the'` front plate c7 of rlhe outer end of lever L is pivoted at k2 to the forked head 7c3 of a rod It guided in a fixed collar It? Between the collar ct and theshoulder of the forked headc3 is a spring h5 tending to raise the rod 7c to the position shown in full lines in Figs. 3 and 4.

rl`he flap valve carries a cam shaped projection tl. As the valve o rises above the position shown by the dotted line 01 of F iff. 3 toward the line c2 of Fig. 4, its upper end abuts against and rocks the lever` le, pressing down the rod It against the cam h1 and pressingopen the flap valve 71.

The head h2 of the flap valve it forms a preponderant mass, and is hollowed as at h3 so that the center of gravity of the liap valve is almost at the height of the axis of oscillation and lies more toward the interior of the hood g as the liap valve approaches its position of rest. i

ln the modification of the flap valve shown in Figs. 5 and 6 the head is detachable, divided into two portions liso secured to lugs h5 on the remainder of the flap valve by screws it* h4 which permit of relative adjustment of the head with regard to the rest of the flap valve for modifying the position of the center of gravity. rlhe two portions its@ may be turned about the screws It* as axes and secured in adjusted position by tightening the said screws. i'

The flapvvalve shown in Figs. 5 and 6 has also a prolongation plate Z intended for adjusting the amount of free opening left at g2 when the flap valve is in its position of (see Fig. 3), thus passes out earbureted through d" position shown by the dotted rest. The plate Z has a tongue Z1 movable in guides Z2 Z2 on the flap valveand seourable in adjusted position by set screws Z3.

By removing the plate Z access can be had to the end of the plug e when the valve 0 is in its lowest position, for the purpose of adjustment of the plug e if needed.

It will be seen that the mass which constitutes the counterpoise of the flap valve 7L is disposed to the interior so that it exerts its greatest closingV moment in the resting position of the iiap valve but as the lattei opens to full open position the masses moving through approximately 90o gradually suffer reduction of their closing moment.

lVhat l claim as my invention and desire to secure by LettersPatent of the United States is i 1. ln a carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, the combination of a throttle valve movable longitudinally into and Within said chamber a lateral hood on'said chamber having an opening therein, a counter-Weighted i flap valve movable in respect of said opening, the paths of movement of said ap valve and throttleV valve respectively intersecting each other whereby the throttle valve forms during part of its travel a variable stop Jfor the flap valve, and means operatable bythe throttle valve toward the end of its upwardv travel for holding the flap valves in open position.

2. In a carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, the combination of a throttle valve movable longitudinally into and within said chamber aV lateral hood on said chamber having` an opening therein, a. counterweightedY-flap valve movable in respect of said opening, the paths o1c movement of said flap valve and throttle valve respectively intersecting each other whereby the throttle valve formsa variable stop for the flap valve, and means for varying the effective area of said flap valve.

in witness whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

JOANNES FIAT.

Witnesses JOHN F. SIMoNs, EMILE BnR'rRAMEL. 

